1. What is Scrum?
Answer
Scrum is a framework for Agile project management that emphasizes teamwork, accountability, and iterative progress.
Reference
2. What are the Scrum Artifacts?
Answer
The Scrum artifacts are Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, and Increment.
Reference
3. What is a Product Owner?
Answer
A Product Owner is responsible for managing the Product Backlog and maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team.
Reference
4. What is a Sprint?
Answer
A Sprint is a time-boxed iteration that lasts from two weeks to one month, during which the Scrum Team works to produce a potentially shippable product increment.
Reference
5. What is a Sprint Retrospective?
Answer
The Sprint Retrospective is an opportunity for the Scrum Team to inspect itself and create a plan for improvements to be enacted during the next Sprint.
Reference
6. What is the role of a Scrum Master?
Answer
The Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring Scrum is understood and enacted by facilitating Scrum events, removing impediments, and coaching the Scrum Team.
Reference
7. What is User Story Mapping?
Answer
User Story Mapping is a technique used for organizing user stories into a useful model to understand the system functionality, identifying gaps and opportunities for improvement.
Reference
8. What is the Definition of Done?
Answer
The Definition of Done is a set of criteria that must be met for a product increment to be considered complete.
Reference
9. What is a Spike in Scrum?
Answer
A Spike is a time-boxed period used to research a concept and gain knowledge necessary for a story or task.
Reference
10. What is Velocity in Scrum?
Answer
Velocity is a metric that predicts the amount of work a Scrum Team can accomplish during a Sprint, based on past performance.
Reference
11. What is Scrum of Scrums?
Answer
Scrum of Scrums is a meeting that coordinates multiple Scrum Teams working on a project.
Reference
12. What is Timeboxing?
Answer
Timeboxing is the practice of ending work on a task at a specific time, whether it is complete or not, used to manage time and priorities.
Reference
13. What is a Burndown Chart?
Answer
A Burndown Chart tracks the amount of work remaining in a Sprint, helping the team understand their progress.
Reference
14. What is TDD?
Answer
Test-Driven Development (TDD) is a software development technique where automated tests are written before the code to be tested.
Reference
15. What is Continuous Integration?
Answer
Continuous Integration is the practice of merging all developer working copies to a shared repository multiple times a day.
Reference
16. What are the responsibilities of the Scrum Team?
Answer
The Scrum Team is responsible for delivering a potentially releasable Increment of โDoneโ product at the end of each Sprint.
Reference
17. Explain the Daily Stand-Up.
Answer
The Daily Stand-Up is a 15-minute event for the Developers to synchronize activities and create a plan for the next 24 hours.
Reference
18. What is a Product Backlog?
Answer
The Product Backlog is an ordered list of everything that is known to be needed in the product.
Reference
19. What is a Kanban board?
Answer
A Kanban board is a visual tool that enables you to optimize the flow of your work among different stages of a process.
Reference
20. What is Sprint Zero?
Answer
Sprint Zero is a controversial term used to describe a period used for initial product backlog creation and other preparatory work.
Reference
21. What is an Epic?
Answer
An Epic is a big chunk of work that has one common objective, often broken down into multiple user stories.
Reference
22. Explain Pair Programming.
Answer
Pair Programming involves two developers working at one workstation to code, review, and design together.
Reference
23. What is Refactoring?
Answer
Refactoring is the process of changing a software system in such a way that it does not alter the external behavior but improves the internal architecture.
Reference
24. What is Technical Debt?
Answer
Technical Debt is the long-term cost of cutting corners in software development, making future changes more expensive or difficult.
Reference
25. What is a Scrum Board?
Answer
A Scrum Board is a tool used to visualize all the work in a given Sprint, often divided into columns to represent different stages.
Reference
26. What is Agile Coaching?
Answer
Agile Coaching is the practice of guiding individuals and teams in the principles and practices of Agile methodologies.
Reference
27. What is INVEST in Agile?
Answer
INVEST stands for Independent, Negotiable, Valuable, Estimable, Small, and Testable, which are criteria for well-formed user stories.
Reference
28. What is Lean Software Development?
Answer
Lean Software Development is an iterative methodology that emphasizes the efficiency of the entire software development process.
Reference
29. What is the Sprint Goal?
Answer
The Sprint Goal is an objective for the Sprint that can be met through the implementation of a Product Backlog.
Reference
30. What is a Story Point?
Answer
A Story Point is a unit of measure for the size of a user story, feature, or other work on a project.
Reference
31. What is a Burn-Up Chart?
Answer
A Burn-Up Chart shows the total scope of the project and tracks completion over time.
Reference
32. What is the Cone of Uncertainty?
Answer
The Cone of Uncertainty describes the uncertainty and risk that diminish over time when you make decisions in a project.
Reference
33. What is a Grooming Session?
Answer
A Grooming Session (or Backlog Refinement) is when the Scrum Team reviews items on the Product Backlog to ensure that the backlog contains the appropriate items.
Reference
34. What is a Stand-up Meeting?
Answer
A Stand-up Meeting is a brief meeting, often taking place daily, that enables each team member to report to the rest of the team what they are working on.
Reference
35. What is a Waterfall Model?
Answer
The Waterfall Model is a linear and sequential approach to software development that emphasizes distinct phases and discourages revisiting earlier stages.
Reference
36. What is a MoSCoW Method?
Answer
The MoSCoW method is a prioritization technique used to define the relative importance of different requirements by categorizing them as Must-have, Should-have, Could-have, or Wonโt-have.
Reference
37. What is Release Planning?
Answer
Release Planning is the process of planning the development cycles that will deliver a product increment or a complete product.
Reference
38. What is Scrum Nexus?
Answer
Scrum Nexus is a framework designed to scale Scrum up to many teams, focusing on minimizing cross-team dependencies and integration issues.
Reference
39. What is a Sprint Planning Meeting?
Answer
In the Sprint Planning Meeting, the Scrum Team decides what Product Backlog items they will work on during the Sprint and discusses the details and the plan for delivering them.
Reference
40. What is Rolling Wave Planning?
Answer
Rolling Wave Planning is a form of progressive elaboration where planning is done in waves as the project progresses and more information becomes available.
Reference
41. What is Swarming?
Answer
Swarming is an Agile technique where the team collaborates intensively to solve a high-priority task or problem.
Reference
42. What is a Storyboard in Agile?
Answer
A Storyboard in Agile is a visual display, often using cards or sticky notes on a wall, that depicts various elements of a project like tasks, stages, and progress.
Reference
43. What is a Feature in Agile?
Answer
A Feature is a chunk of functionality that is of value to the customer and can be delivered in a single Sprint.
Reference
44. What is the Iron Triangle in project management?
Answer
The Iron Triangle in project management refers to the relationship between scope, time, and cost. Changing any one of these elements usually impacts the others.
Reference
45. What is the Parking Lot method in Agile?
Answer
The Parking Lot is a visual management tool used to capture โoff-topicโ or โparkedโ items during a meeting for discussion at a later time.
Reference
46. What is Cross-Functional Team in Agile?
Answer
A Cross-Functional Team in Agile consists of members with diverse skill sets who are required to deliver a potentially shippable product increment.
Reference
47. What is Big Bang Integration?
Answer
Big Bang Integration is an approach where components of a system are combined all at once, resulting in
a significant testing phase.
Reference
48. What are Agile Anti-Patterns?
Answer
Agile Anti-Patterns are common practices that are detrimental to Agile principles and values.
Reference
49. What is a Red-Green-Refactor cycle?
Answer
Red-Green-Refactor is a TDD (Test-Driven Development) cycle where you first write a failing test (Red), make it pass with minimum code (Green), and then refactor.
Reference
50. What is Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)?
Answer
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) is an Agile practice that promotes the collaboration between developers, QA, and non-technical participants in a software project.
Reference
51. What is a Timebox?
Answer
A Timebox is a previously agreed period of time during which a person or team works steadily towards completion of some goal.
Reference
52. What is Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe)?
Answer
The Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) is a set of organization and workflow patterns intended to guide enterprises in scaling lean and agile practices.
Reference
53. What is a Burndown Chart?
Answer
A Burndown Chart is a graphical representation of work left to do versus time.
Reference
54. What is a Burn-up Chart?
Answer
A Burn-up Chart is a graphical representation of work done versus time.
Reference
55. What is a Spike in Agile?
Answer
A Spike is a user story for which the time and effort cannot be estimated until a development team runs a time-boxed investigation.
Reference
56. What is a Product Owner?
Answer
The Product Owner is responsible for maximizing the value of the product by maintaining the product backlog and setting the product direction.
Reference
57. What is an Epic in Agile?
Answer
An Epic is a large user story that is eventually broken down into smaller stories or tasks.
Reference
58. What is User Acceptance Testing (UAT)?
Answer
User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is the process where actual software users test the software to make sure it can handle the required tasks in real-world scenarios.
Reference
59. What is the Daily Scrum?
Answer
The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team to inspect work, synchronize activities, and create a plan for the next 24 hours.
Reference
60. What is Kanban in Agile?
Answer
Kanban is an agile methodology used to manage and visualize work, limit work-in-progress, and maximize flow.
Reference
61. What is Lean Software Development?
Answer
Lean Software Development adapts the principles and practices of Lean manufacturing to the domain of software development, focusing on delivering value to the customer.
Reference
62. What is the Definition of Ready?
Answer
The Definition of Ready is a checklist that must be satisfied before a product backlog item can be considered ready to work on.
Reference
63. What is the Definition of Done?
Answer
The Definition of Done is a set of criteria that must be met for a product increment to be considered complete.
Reference
64. What are the Agile Principles?
Answer
The Agile Principles are a set of guiding concepts for agile software development, such as customer collaboration, responding to change, and delivering working software.
Reference
65. What is a RACI Matrix?
Answer
The RACI matrix is a responsibility assignment matrix, used to describe the roles and responsibilities of various team members in completing tasks or deliverables.
Reference
66. What is the role of a Scrum Master in conflict resolution?
Answer
The Scrum Master serves as a facilitator and mediator during conflicts. They help the team reach a consensus by providing a safe space for open communication and problem-solving.
Reference
67. What is a Product Backlog?
Answer
The Product Backlog is an ordered list of everything that is known to be needed in the product and is the single source of requirements.
Reference
68. What are Story Points?
Answer
Story points are a unit of measure for the complexity of a task. They allow for more accurate estimations.
Reference
69. What is Velocity in Agile?
Answer
Velocity is a measure of the amount of work a team can handle during a single Sprint.
Reference
70. What is Pair Programming?
Answer
Pair Programming is a technique in which two programmers work together at one workstation.
Reference
71. What is Continuous Integration?
Answer
Continuous Integration (CI) is a development practice that requires developers to integrate code into a shared repository several times a day.
Reference
72. What is Test-Driven Development (TDD)?
Answer
Test-Driven Development (TDD) is a software development approach in which tests are written before the code to be tested.
Reference
73. What is Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)?
Answer
Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) extends TDD by writing test cases in a natural language that non-programmers can read.
Reference
74. What is the Agile Manifesto?
Answer
The Agile Manifesto is a set of guiding values and principles for Agile software development.
Reference
75. What is the Scrum of Scrums?
Answer
The Scrum of Scrums is a technique used to scale Scrum up to large groups, involving multiple Scrum teams.
Reference
76. What is a Minimum Viable Product (MVP)?
Answer
A Minimum Viable Product (MVP) is a product with just enough features to satisfy early adopters.
Reference
77. What is the Parking Lot technique?
Answer
The Parking Lot is a visual management tool used to capture โoff-topicโ issues during a meeting for future discussion.
Reference
78. What is Technical Debt?
Answer
Technical Debt is the implied cost of reworking code caused by choosing an easy, yet less than optimal solution.
Reference
79. What is a Retrospective?
Answer
A Retrospective is a meeting held by a Scrum team at the end of a Sprint to discuss what was successful, what could be improved, and how to incorporate the improvements and keep the good work going.
Reference
80. What is the purpose of a Grooming session?
Answer
The main purpose of a Grooming session, also known as Backlog Refinement, is to ensure that the Product Backlog items are prepared for the upcoming Sprint Planning Meeting.
Reference
81. What is Kanban in Agile?
Answer
Kanban is a visual framework used to implement Agile that helps you visualize your work, limit work-in-progress, and maximize efficiency.
Reference
82. What is a Burn-down Chart?
Answer
A Burn-down Chart shows the amount of work remaining in a Sprint or project over time, helping teams to manage their progress.
Reference
83. What is a Spike in Agile?
Answer
A Spike is a user story that cannot be estimated until a development team runs a time-boxed investigation.
Reference
84. What are Agile Metrics?
Answer
Agile Metrics such as velocity, cycle time, and lead time help teams measure their productivity, work quality, and effectiveness.
Reference
85. What is Acceptance Criteria?
Answer
Acceptance Criteria are conditions or requirements that must be met for a user story to be accepted by the Product Owner, customer, or other stakeholders.
Reference
86. What is User Acceptance Testing (UAT)?
Answer
User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is the last phase of the software testing process where actual users test the software to validate that it functions according to their requirements.
Reference
87. What is Lean Software Development?
Answer
Lean Software Development is an adaptation of lean manufacturing principles to the domain of software development, aiming to eliminate waste and optimize the development lifecycle.
Reference
88. What is INVEST in Agile?
Answer
INVEST is an acronym representing key attributes of good user stories: Independent, Negotiable, Valuable, Estimable, Small, and Testable.
Reference
89. What is a Daily Stand-up?
Answer
The Daily Stand-up is a 15-minute time-boxed meeting for the Development Team to synchronize activities and plan for the next 24 hours.
Reference
90. What is MoSCoW in Agile?
Answer
MoSCoW is a prioritization technique used in Agile and other project management methodologies, where items are categorized into Must-haves, Should-haves, Could-haves, and Wonโt-haves.
Reference
91. What is Feature Creep?
Answer
Feature Creep refers to the uncontrolled addition of features or requirements in a project, causing delays or cost overruns.
Reference
92. What is a User Journey Map?
Answer
A User Journey Map is a visualization of the steps a user goes through to achieve a specific goal within your product or service.
Reference
93. What is a Timebox?
Answer
A Timebox is a fixed period designed to encourage productivity by limiting the time allocated to an activity.
Reference
94. What are the Core Agile Principles?
Answer
The 12 Agile Principles are fundamental concepts outlined in the Agile Manifesto to guide Agile projects. They focus on customer collaboration, adaptability, and delivering value.
Reference
95. What is a Burndown Rate?
Answer
The Burndown Rate is the rate at which a Scrum team is completing Product Backlog Items (user stories, tasks, etc.), used to predict the likelihood of completing the Sprint or project on time.
Reference
96. What is Pair Programming?
Answer
Pair Programming is an Agile software development technique where two programmers work together at one workstation, often rotating roles between โdriverโ and โobserver.
Reference
97. What is Scrum of Scrums?
Answer
Scrum of Scrums is a meeting where multiple Scrum teams synchronize their work and dependencies, usually facilitated by a โchiefโ Scrum Master.
Reference
98. What are Story Points?
Answer
Story Points are a unit of measure used to estimate the complexity of a user story. They are abstract and relative, allowing for more flexible and accurate planning.
Reference
99. What is a Retrospective?
Answer
A Retrospective is a meeting held at the end of each Sprint where the Scrum team discusses what went well, what didnโt, and how they can improve.
Reference
100. What is the Agile Manifesto?
Answer
The Agile Manifesto is a set of four key values and twelve principles that serve as the foundation for Agile software development. It emphasizes individuals and interactions, working solutions, customer collaboration, and responding to change.